Stereotype Threat
Noun
Defined as a socially rooted psychological threat that occurs when one is in a situation or doing something for which a negative stereotype about one's group applies.
According to stereotype threat, members of a marginalized group acknowledge that a negative stereotype exists in reference to their group, and they demonstrate apprehension about confirming the negative stereotype by engaging in particular activities.
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See also the classic paper by Steele and Aronson (1995) that describes stereotype threat, Stereotype Threat and the Intellectual Test Performance of African Americans.